The Science Behind Perm Cream- How It Works

Perm cream, a chemical solution used in permanent waving treatments, transforms the hair’s structure to create lasting curls or waves. Understanding the science behind perm cream unveils the intricacies of hair chemistry and the process of permanent waving.

Composition and Activation

Perm cream typically contains three key ingredients:

– Ammonium thioglycolate (ATG): This compound breaks down the disulfide bonds within the hair’s keratin protein, allowing the hair to become flexible and moldable.

– Neutralizers: After the initial restructuring, neutralizers such as hydrogen peroxide are applied to stop the bond-breaking process and restore the hair’s stability.

– Conditioners: To minimize hair damage, conditioning agents are often added to moisturize and protect the hair during and after the treatment.

Step-by-Step Process

Permanent waving involves several steps:

1. Scalp Protection: Protective creams or oils are applied to prevent scalp irritation.

2. Perm Solution Application: The perm cream is applied to the hair and left to penetrate for a specific time, depending on the hair type and desired curl pattern.

3. Bond Breaking: ATG weakens and breaks the disulfide bonds, allowing the hair to be reshaped into curls or waves.

4. Neutralization: Neutralizers are applied to stop the bond-breaking process and restore the hair’s strength.

5. Rinsing and Styling: The hair is thoroughly rinsed, styled, and dried to reveal the new wave or curl pattern.

Considerations and Precautions

Hair Type and Condition: The type, thickness, porosity, and previous chemical treatments can affect the perm cream’s effectiveness.

Usage Frequency: Overuse of perm cream can lead to hair damage and breakage.

Professional Application: Perm cream is a potent chemical, so it’s recommended to seek a professional hair stylist for proper application and guidance.

Aftercare: Proper hair care and hydration are crucial to maintain the health and longevity of the perm.

Conclusion

The science behind perm cream unravels the intricate process of hair restructuring. Understanding the composition, activation, and steps involved in permanent waving allows hair stylists and clients to make informed decisions and minimize potential risks. By carefully adhering to usage guidelines and practicing proper aftercare, individuals can enjoy the transformative results of perm cream while preserving the integrity of their hair.